Annex C | Key GDD-Related Institutions and Agencies Highly incentivized to expand undertapped female market and to collect data on GDD Multinational ICT Firms Ooredoo co-funded maymay app and 90 BA libraries, Ericcson and Qualcomm co-funded Connect to Learn with multilaterals (see above), Telenor funding MIDO’s 200+ telecenter network USF tax kicks in Year 5, may be a disincentive to address GDD through CSR budgets Highly incentivized to innovate, use HCD to expand under-tapped female market and collect data on GDD National ICT Firms Several have experience on GDD-related projects including Phandeeyar (Yangon tech hub), Koe Koe Tech (maymay app), Myanmar 5th Estate (Open Hluttaw app) Some have ties to Tatmadaw, such as Red Link Less incentive for low-ROI last mile solutions Proximity Design (app for agricultural extension agents) Other private sector High demand for employees with digital skills in banking; health; retail; tourism; agr processing GONGOs Several GONGOs provide ICT4D policy input and digital training for government officials and others (eg Myanmar Computer Federation and the Myanmar Computer Enthusiasts Association). Women-focused GONGOs such as the Myanmar Women’s Affairs Federation, are nominally involved in women’s issues on the national stage. Occupational gender segregation, wage disparities despite law Have always maintained there is no inequality Close ties to Tatmadaw Low capacity of technical and administrative staff on GDD Unclear funding Active ICT4D Working Group of INGO, CSO and private sector representatives meets monthly to coordinate activities. INGOs Several have expertise and tools (e.g. training curricula) to address aspects of gender digital divide within Myanmar and other countries (IREX, A4AI, TASCHA). Dozens have established relationships with local CSOs, private sector and government partners through projects for difficult to reach offline groups that could incorporate activities to address aspects of gender digital divide in Myanmar National CSOs Several have strong mandates and visible activities in support of ICT4D or gender equality, most notably Myanmar ICT for Development Organization (digital skills training and national surveys on ICT use), Myanmar Book and Preservation Fund (Co-Chair of USF Working Group and digital skills training), Geek Girls (women in ICT industry), Phan Tee Eain (women and girls empowerment), Girl Determined (rural women and girls empowerment), Gender Equality Network (CEDAW shadow reports) Educators & Infomediaries Private ICT training institutes (eg KMD network), public libraries, monastic schools are highly motivated to provide digital skills training for males and females. Successful online advocacy campaigns by exile/émigré INGOs in recent decades may been seen as encouraging by GDD champions, or cautionary tale for spoilers Few CSOs working on nexus between gender equality and ICT integration Lack of coordination between women’s and ICT4D CSOs on GDD Limited funding Limited regional reach Lack of consensus on extent of inequality In general teachers, administrators and librarians themselves need digital skills training and equipment. Often reinforce gender norms, especially 1) concerns about ICTs expanding girls’ access to real and virtual public spaces and 2) gendered skills tracks. Ending the Gender Digital Divide in Myanmar: A Problem-Driven Political Economy Assessment | 100