Details of legislation Country Relevant sections/articles Anti-Defamation Law (repealed) (see Gossman 2021) Maldives Criminal Code of Kazakhstan (see CPJ 2020a) Kazakhstan Articles 373, 375 Criminal Code of Thailand Thailand Sections 326, 327, 328 Legislation related to hate speech, harassment, religion, and obscenity International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR) Act, No. 56 of 2007 Sri Lanka 3(1), 3(2), 3(3), 3(4) Protection from Harassment Act, 2014 Singapore Sections 3(1), 3(2), 4(1), 4(2), 5(1), 5(2), 5(1A) Penal Code of Malaysia, Act 574, February 1, 2018 Malaysia Section 298A Penal Code of India India Section 153A Hate Speech Elimination Law, 2016 Japan Article 2 Penal Code of Pakistan, 1860 Pakistan 295C Penal Code of Nepal, Act 36 of 2017 Nepal Section 121 Legislation related to electronic transactions and regulation of technology Act on Promotion of Information and Communications Network Utilization and Information Protection, 2016 South Korea Articles 44–47 Electronic Transactions Act, No. 11 of 2008 Indonesia Articles 28(1), 28(2), 45(2) Ministerial Regulation 5 (see HRW 2021c) Indonesia Information, Communications, and Media Act of Bhutan, 2018 Bhutan Chapter 4, Section (71) Computer Crime Act, No. 24 of 2007 Sri Lanka Sections 6(1), 6(2) Telecommunications Law, No. 31 of 2013 Myanmar Section 66 Information Technology Act, 2000 India Section 66A Sub-decree on the Establishment of the National Internet Gateway (see HRW 2021a) Cambodia Electronic Transactions Act, 2008 Nepal Registration of social media outlets (see The Star 2020) Laos Law on Informatization (see CPJ 2021) Uzbekistan Computer Crime Law, 2007 Thailand Sections 47(1), 47(2) Sections 14, 15, 16 Legislation relating to security, sedition, disturbing the peace Digital Security Act, No. XLVI of 2018 Bangladesh Sections 21(1), 21(2), 21(3), 25(1), 25(2), 25(3), 28(1), 28(2), 31(1), 31(2), 31(3) Sedition Act, No. 15 of 1948 Malaysia Sections 3(1), 4(1) Penal Code of Malaysia, Act 574, February 1, 2018 Malaysia Sections 504, 505 Anti-Infiltration Act (see Aspinwall 2021) Taiwan Cybercrime Prevention Act, No. 10175 of 2012 Philippines Section 4(c)4 Anti-Terrorism Act, 2020 Philippines Section 9 I N FO R M ATI O N D I SO R D ER IN THE GLOBA L SOUTH Asia – 2 2 0