Background While the State Security and Peace Commission (SSPC), referring to the junta-backed and led administration, seeks legitimacy, the state of human rights has become increasingly dire. The regime’s campaign of violence has led to over 3.7 million displaced, depriving people of their basic needs, including health, education and shelter. Livelihood pathways have also eroded as rural communities are unable to farm on land damaged by the ongoing bombing. The junta’s forced conscription enactment has also separated families as young men and women are made to fight on the frontlines. Malnutrition has led to the spread of preventable illnesses, particularly in camps for internally displaced people and temporary shelters, where young children and the elderly are more susceptible to illness. The lack of reliable access to clinics and shortages of medicine have made treatment even more difficult. With limited economic opportunities, families are going further into debt and are unable to recover. There are millions in need of support and civil society organizations are also facing increasing funding cuts, which directly undermine their capacity to respond to growing gaps in protection and service provision.10 Children are being denied safe pathways to education, where a generation of conflict-affected youth risk growing up illiterate and with inherited trauma. The junta’s increasing reliance on airstrikes and drone attacks has robbed people of their right to live freely and safely. In Kachin State, data collected by the Kachin Women’s Association Thailand (KWAT) on airstrikes on civilian targets shows that the number of airstrikes from December 2024 to November 2025 almost tripled compared with the number during the fifteen-month period from May 2022 to July 2023.11 There has been no justice or accountability for the crimes committed. Civilians that KHRW spoke to during the reporting period repeatedly called for consequences for the military junta. One villager, Kai, remarked: “I want to take effective action against those who violate human rights. There must be practical assistance, not just announcements and meetings. The people’s suffering should not be written on paper or measured by numbers, but met with full humanity and the protection of civilians’ lives.” Aid interrupted: what Myanmar’s crisis reveals about humanitarian system’s fragility, Alternatives Humanities, 13 November 2025 11 Air terror expands in Kachin State, The Kachin Women’s Association Thailand (KWAT), 23 December 2025 10 8 | "Inhumane Acts" by KHRW