ASEAN Regional Coalition to #StopDigitalDictatorship
had no real connection with the victim-survivor;
GBV, challenging assumptions and underscoring
he found the images on a pornography site that
the urgent need for comprehensive interventions
included her personal information. In Caloocan
to address the multifaceted dimensions of
City, a woman reported her ex-partner sharing
gender-based violence in the online realm.
her intimate images with friends after their
breakup.94 The 31-year-old man, upset about
the relationship ending, demanded a meeting
for deletion. Angeles City, Pampanga, witnessed
a similar case where an offender sought sex in
exchange for not publishing his former partner’s
In the LGBTIQA+ community, the reality is that
they still face challenges expressing themselves
freely on social media due to pervasive criticism
and discrimination. Despite advancements in
recognising and affirming LGBTIQA+ rights,
intimate videos.95
many individuals within this community still
According to the 2023 ground mid-year report
comments when sharing their experiences,
by Foundation for Media Alternatives, from
opinions, or personal stories on various social
January to June 2023, FMA documented 27
media platforms. Pura Luka, also known as
cases of Online Gender-Based Violence (OGBV),
Amadeus Fernando Pagente, a LGBTIQA+
a 15% decrease from the previous year. The
(non-binary identifying) Philippine drag artist,
primary forms include non-consensual sharing
has been charged with six counts of violating
of intimate content (81%), threats or blackmail
Article 133 (offending religious feelings) and
(44%), and physical or sexual abuse (19%). Other
Sections (2)(B)(3) and (2)(B)(5) of Article 201
offences include spying or surveillance (11%),
(immoral doctrines and obscene publications)
harassment (7%), and control of accounts or
of the Revised Penal Code, in connection with
information (4%). The National Capital Region
Section 6 of Republic Act 10175, the Cybercrime
reported the most cases (15), followed by
Prevention Act of 2012, simply for their artistry.96
Central Luzon (4) and CALABARZON (2). Victims
This arose after Pura Luka uploaded a series
are predominantly women and girls, with 40%
of videos posted on social media, including
below 18 years old, and perpetrators, all men
their controversial “Ama Namin” performance.97
or boys, have known relations with 76% having
This is just one of many under-reported cases
connections to the victims, ranging from partners
of online discrimination and violence against
to family, friends, or acquaintances.
the LGBTIQA+ community in the Philippines.
These compellingly refutes the prevailing
The practice of actively exercising one’s political
misconception that technology-facilitated sexual
rights is also heightened for women and
violence has minimal impact on women’s lives.
LGBTIQA+ individuals in the Philippines. During
Contrary to this perception, Online Gender-
the National elections in 2022, Aika Robredo,
Based Violence (OGBV), much like offline GBV,
one of the daughters of Former Vice President
ruthlessly exploits people marginalised based
Leni Robredo who is running for Presidential
on gender and LGBTIQA+ identity, exacerbating
position was not exempted from experiencing
the marginalisation already faced by these
TF GBV. Social media and the Google search
communities. The stories vividly illustrate the
engine were suddenly inundated with links to
pervasive and profound consequences of TF
an alleged sex video purportedly involving Aika
The Philippines
encounter prejudice, bias, and derogatory
233
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