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ASEAN Regional Coalition to #StopDigitalDictatorship MR10 in Indonesia, (4 July 2022), available at: https://www.manushyafoundation.org/joint-statement-repeal-mr5-and-its-amendment-mr10-in-indonesia: Manushya Foundation ,Joint Statement: Call on Indonesian Ministry of Communication and Information Technology to Suspend the Implementation of Permenkominfo No. 5/2020 (MR5/2020), (28 May 2021), available at: https://www.manushyafoundation.org/joint-statement-call-on-indonesian-ministry 47. Freedom House, Freedom on the Net 2021: Indonesia, (2021), available at: https://freedomhouse. org/country/indonesia/freedom-net/2021; Freedom House, Freedom on the Net 2022: Indonesia, (2022), available at: https://freedomhouse.org/country/ indonesia/freedom-net/2022; Freedom House, Freedom on the Net 2023: Indonesia, (2023), available at: https://freedomhouse.org/country/indonesia/ freedom-net/2023 56. Amnesty Indonesia, Pernyataan sikap Koalisi Serius ITE terkait tuntutan pencemaran nama baik terhadap aktivis pembela HAM Fatia Maulidiyanti dan Haris Azhar, (16 November 2023), available at: https://www.amnesty.id/pernyataan-sikap-koalisi-serius-ite-terkait-tuntutan-pencemaran-nama-baik-terhadap-aktivis-pembela-ham-fatia-maulidiyanti-dan-haris-azhar/ 57. Yayasan Lembaga Bantuan Hukum Indonesia (YLBHI), KOALISI SERIUS Mendesak Penundaan Pengesahan Revisi Kedua UU ITE, (23 November 2023), available at: https://ylbhi.or.id/ informasi/siaran-pers/koalisi-serius-mendesak-penundaan-pengesahan-revisi-kedua-uu-ite/ 58. SAFEnet, Revisi UU ITE Total Sebagai Solusi, (10 March 2021), available at: https://id.safenet. or.id/2021/03/revisi-uu-ite-total-sebagai-solusi/ 48. Reporters Without Borders, Indonesia, (n.d.), available at: https://rsf.org/en/indonesia 59. Forum-Asia and KontraS, Joint Analysis on the situation of defenders in Asia, (21 March 2023), available at: https://forum-asia.org/?p=37933 49. Patroli Siber, Number of Police Reports Made by the Public, (n.d.), available at: https://patrolisiber.id/ statistic 60. SAFEnet, Kasus Mohamad Sadli, (1 February 2020), available at: https://id.safenet.or.id/2020/02/kasus-mohamad-sadli/ 50. Detik, Maret 2021 Ada Ribuan Laporan Kejahatan Siber, Didominasi Laporan Konten SARA, (18 April 2021), available at: https:// inet.detik.com/law-and-policy/d-5536679/maret-2021-ada-ribuan-laporan-kejahatan-siber-didominasi-laporan-konten-sara 61. Amnesty International, Indonesia: Lecturer Sentenced for WhatsApp Message: Saiful Mahdi, (14 July 2021), available at: https://www.amnesty.org/ en/documents/asa21/4461/2021/en/; CIVICUS Monitor, Human Rights Defenders, Critics Targeted In Indonesia While Protests On Papua Repressed, (21 September 2021), available at: https://monitor. civicus.org/updates/2021/09/21/human-rights-defenders-critics-targeted-indonesia-while-protests-papua-repressed/ 51. Patroli Siber, Number of Police Reports Made by the Public, (n.d.), available at: https://patrolisiber.id/ statistic 52. Patroli Siber, Number of Police Reports Made by the Public, (n.d.), available at: https://patrolisiber.id/ statistic 53. Tempo, Ada Ribuan Laporan UU ITE, SAFEnet: Polisi Sibuk Urusi Pencemaran Nama Baik, (5 March 2021), available at: https://nasional.tempo.co/ read/1438925/ada-ribuan-laporan-uu-ite-safenetpolisi-sibuk-urusi-pencemaran-nama-baik 54. SAFEnet, Digital Rights in Indonesia Situation Report 2021: The Pandemic Might be Under Control, but Digital Repression Continues, (February 2022), available at: https://safenet.or.id/in-indonesia-digital-repression-is-keep-continues/ 55. Amnesty International, Indonesia: Human Rights Defenders accused of Defamation, (1 November 2021), available at: https://www.amnesty.org.uk/urgent-actions/human-rights-defenders-accused-defamation Indonesia 62. Tribun News, Siapa Saiful Mahdi? Dosen Unsyiah Kuala yang Diberi Amnesti oleh Jokowi atas Kasus UU ITE, (5 October 2021), available at: https://www. tribunnews.com/regional/2021/10/05/siapa-saifulmahdi-dosen-unsyiah-kuala-aceh-yang-diberi-amnesti-oleh-jokowi-atas-kasus-uu-ite 63. The Online Citizen, How urgent is the revision of Indonesia’s Electronic Information and Transaction Law?, (26 February 2021), available at: https:// www.theonlinecitizen.com/2021/02/26/how-urgent-is-the-revision-of-indonesias-electronic-information-and-transaction-law/; Voice of Indonesia, Marco Kusumawijaya, Ex TGUPP Anies, Is Investigated By The Police About Suspected Threats Through Social Media, (2 February 2021), available at: https://voi.id/en/bernas/30324/marco-kusumawijaya-ex-tgupp-anies-is-investigated-by-the-police-about-suspected-threats-through-social-media 109

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Dawn of Digital Dictatorship: Weaponizing the Law Against Online Speech in Southeast Asia March 2024

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English

Topic

Digital Rights
Digital Surveillance
Information Operation
Internet Restrictions

Author(s)

MANUSHYA

Date Published: Mar 8, 2024

Abstract: Dawn of Digital Dictatorship: Weaponizing the Law Against Online Speech in Southeast Asia March 2024 Whether we like it or not, we are living through a pivotal moment for the future of human rights. This includes the issue of our digital rights, and the question of our online freedoms. In places like Southeast Asia, where the majority of its peoples are experiencing immense threats to their online and offline freedoms, at the hands of opportunistic governments and corporations, this is especially prevalent. The digital space has become an integral part of human life, and is still growing in its influence over our world. Accordingly, if our freedoms in the digital space are endangered, our freedoms overall are endangered as well.

It is understandable to feel powerless while possessing this knowledge. But it is not enough to just know about the forces acting against our human rights, and understand that they are dangerous. If we truly want to create a safer, more equitable, more liberated world - which we all know, deep down, is possible - we must understand these forces, and act accordingly. We must equip ourselves with knowledge about what governments, corporations, and other powers that be are doing, alongside demanding our rights to freedom. The powers that be have weaponised the online and digital space, as well as the law, against the people that these things are supposed to serve and protect. It is our right to protect ourselves with research, knowledge, advocacy, and the power of the people. When we understand the powers we are up against, fighting back will become less daunting.

This is what our report, titled Dawn of Digital Dictatorship: Weaponizing the Law Against Online Speech in Southeast Asia, is for. Join us in powering ourselves with knowledge, in order to compel ourselves to action!

As always, our work is rooted in decolonial, feminist, intersectional values, with historically marginalised people at the centre. Thus, this work was a collaboration between a coalition of groups oriented in these values: ALTSEAN-Burma, Cambodian Center for Human Rights, ELSAM, Free Expression Myanmar, Foundation for Media Alternatives, ILGA Asia, Manushya Foundation, The Rohingya Maìyafuìnor Collaborative Network, SAFEnet, Viet Tan, and Women’s Peace Network. What is the ASEAN Regional Coalition to #StopDigitalDictatorship? The ASEAN Regional Coalition to #StopDigitalDictatorship was established in 2020, by human rights and digital rights activists from Southeast Asia, on a mission to decolonize digital rights and restore our online democracies.

Together, we stand in solidarity with one another, with people from the Global Majority, resisting and pushing back against authoritarian governments and complicit tech companies.

We tell our realities from the ground, and we develop solutions together.

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Dawn of Digital Dictatorship: Weaponizing the Law Against Online Speech in Southeast Asia March 2024

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