Freedom House criticism on digital platforms. During the Azerbaijani military’s offensive in Nagorno-Karabakh in September 2023, authorities in Baku detained several people for a month, including former diplomat Eman Ibrahimov, because of social media posts that criticized the operation or called for a peaceful resolution of the conflict. The impact of the devastating war between Israel and the militant group Hamas reverberated around the world. (Israel and the Israeli-occupied Palestinian territories are not among the 72 countries covered by FOTN.) People in several countries, including Bahrain, Saudi Arabia, and Singapore, faced repercussions for expressing their views about the conflict online. In Jordan, dozens of users were arrested between October and November 2023 under the country’s repressive new cybercrime law for their posts criticizing the Jordanian government’s relationship with Israel or calling for protests in support of the Palestinian cause. More broadly, independent researchers documented a surge of antisemitic and anti-Muslim hate speech online, a proliferation of false and misleading content about the conflict, and an increase Forces vying for control during wartime retaliated directly against people who reported on or discussed the conflicts online. in disproportionate restrictions on pro-Palestinian and other Palestine-related content by Facebook’s and Instagram’s moderation systems. Elections focus attention on a trust deficit in the information space In 2024, FOTN’s indicators assessing limits on content— including website blocking, disproportionate content removal, censorship laws, self-censorship practices, content manipulation, and constraints on information Extreme censorship, arrests, and rising violence against people imperiled internet freedom around the world. Internet connectivity deliberately disrupted The global assault on free expression Social media or communications platforms blocked Websites hosting political, social, or religious content blocked Internet user arrested or imprisoned for online activities Internet user physically attacked or killed for online activities This infographic is from the Freedom on the Net 2024 report, as seen on www.freedomhouse.org. @freedomhouse freedomhouse.org 5