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M.MAS 1/12/17 ———. “With Official Help, Myanmar’s Radical Buddhists Target Muslim-Owned Businesses.” Myanmar Now, September 17, 2015. http://www.myanmar-now.org/news/i/?id=9ba61afc-285d49bd-8f73-8b9efaf941c0. Tarrow, Sidney. Power in Movement: Social Movements, Collective Action and Politics. Cambridge University Press, 1994. Taussig, Michael. “Culture of Terror--Space of Death. Roger Casement’s Putumayo Report and the Explanation of Torture.” Comparative Studies in Society and History 26, no. 3 (1984): 467–97. Turner, Alicia. “Myanmar: Contesting Conceptual Landscapes in the Politics of Buddhism.” Kyoto Review of Southeast Asia, no. 19 (March 2016). http://kyotoreview.org/issue-19/myanmarbuddhism-conceptual-landscapes/. ———. Saving Buddhism: The Impermanence of Religion in Colonial Burma. University of Hawaii Press, 2014. UNOCHA. “Myanmar: Internal Displacement in Rakhine State (Jan 2015).” UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA), January 2015. http://reliefweb.int/sites/reliefweb.int/files/resources/Affected_Map_IDP_Sites_Rakhine_OCHA_ Jan2015_A4.pdf. Varshney, Ashutosh. Ethnic Conflict and Civic Life: Hindus and Muslims in India. 2nd ed. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2002. Walton, Matthew J. “The ‘Wages of Burman-Ness:’ Ethnicity and Burman Privilege in Contemporary Myanmar.” Journal of Contemporary Asia 43, no. 1 (2013): 1–27. Walton, Matthew J, Matt Schissler, and Phyu Phyu Thi. “Behind Myanmar’s Religious Tensions.” Nikkei Asian Review, August 10, 2016. http://asia.nikkei.com/Viewpoints/Viewpoints/Walton-Schisslerand-Phyu-Phyu-Thi-Behind-Myanmar-s-religious-tensions. 24/24

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Failed riots: Successful conflict prevention in four Myanmar cities

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English

Topic

Digital Surveillance
Disinformation
Hate Speech
Information Operation
Internet Connectivity / Accessibility
Rohingya Crisis

Author(s)

Matt Schissler
Matthew J. Walton
Phyu Phyu Thi

Date Published: Dec 1, 2017

Abstract: Collective violence between Buddhists and Muslims has taken place in nearly every state and region of Myanmar over the last five years. Yet, such violence has not occurred in the overwhelming majority of towns and villages across the country. Research on the production of collective violence suggests that there is much to be learned by examining times and places where the warning signs for riotous violence are present yet conflict does not escalate. This paper presents four such case studies, situations in which interreligious riots were expected or feared but then did not occur. While we do not seek to conclusively demonstrate the counterfactual that actions by individuals in these cases prevented riots from breaking out, we believe that even partial descriptions of each case can help us to identify some shared characteristics and important insights for those working to prevent inter-religious violence and build peace in Myanmar. Based on an analysis of these cases, we offer conclusions related to: (1) the individuals and groups involved in the conflicts that made up each case; (2) the broader framing of the conflicts; (3) the kinds of competing arguments made by those attempting to prevent violence; and (4) concerns about forms of violence left unaddressed by these interventions.

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Failed riots: Successful conflict prevention in four Myanmar cities

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