Update on Journalism and Media in Myanmar
July - September 2023
About this Brief
This is an update on the challenges and threats to press freedom and media independence in
Myanmar, safety issues around journalists and individuals in the news profession, and relevant
events and issues in the country’s news and information environment since the military coup
of 1 February 2021. This brief is produced using verified information, including the tracking
of incidents and discussions with journalists and media professionals, to document and provide
context for a better understanding of the country’s news and information situation.
Some definitions
In the monitoring work for this series of updates, an incident is a verified event that involves
action against a journalist due to his or her journalistic activities or background, such as arrest,
detention, prosecution, death, torture and acts of violence, surveillance, harassment and/or
threats.
Incidents include similar actions against other individuals working in independent newsrooms
and news- related operations, such as news management and other administrative, creative and
support personnel who are part of the production and distribution of journalistic products. They
are called “news workers” in these monitoring updates.
Also included in incidents are actions taken against newsrooms, news organisations and their
websites and online spaces, independent associations of professional journalists and press
clubs. These include the cancellation of publishing licences, raids on news outlets’ premises
and their prosecution and the blocking of websites.
In this series of updates, a journalist is an individual who is engaged in gathering and reporting,
taking photographs or video footage, editing or publishing and presenting news that has been
produced using professional and independent journalistic standards and methods.
A journalist may be in news work as a livelihood, whether paid or not, in different types of
media and platforms, and have different types of professional arrangements, such as being fulltime staff, freelance, a stringer or occasional contributor.
Included in the journalists covered by the monitoring work are individuals who have been
described as being former journalists, or who have left their news organisations. This is for two
reasons: first, being or having been a journalist in Myanmar by itself is a risk, and persons have
been targeted or arrested because of a past affiliation with a news outlet; second, safety
considerations can require an individual’s description as a former journalist.
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