Whitten-Woodring et al.
13
Feelings about Myanmar and the Role of Facebook in Its Democracy
While some respondents said they were hopeful about Myanmar’s future, most said
they were also worried about continued communal conflict and what many perceived
as deepening divisions between ethnic groups. People were particularly concerned
about war between ethnic groups, shortages of food, politics, the economy, and threats
from the neighboring Chinese. As one man over seventy years, who was Bamar and
Buddhist put it, “I worry about everything—politics, economics, religion. I worried
that we will become Chinese slaves very soon. I worry that Buddhism will be swallowed up by Chinese.” A younger Bamar Buddhist man said, “We live in a country
where we can die anytime. You can ride a motorbike and get hit by a plane [referring
to accident that took place a while ago at Heho airport in Shan state].” A Mon Buddhist
woman said she was most concerned about, “basic needs (food, clothes, shelter), for
youth’s future in university education because in my village most young people are
using drugs and I think government can’t control these problems.”
Additionally, many people mentioned that they were concerned about communal conflicts and deepening ethnic divides. According to a man identifying as a religious minority, “people are losing trust in each other, among different ethnic groups. Even among
people who support democracy and NLD. We have fragmentations.” While she said she
remained hopeful about Myanmar’s future, one Bamar Buddhist woman said, “we really
need to take care dealing with ethnic issues, especially the war in Rakhine and also Wa
area,14 as other ethnic groups are also waiting and seeing and will consider their response.”
In addition to the conflict in Rakhine, people mentioned fears of escalating conflict in
Kachin state and tensions with the Chinese. As one man identifying as Myanmar-Indian
put it, Myanmar is a “divided society. We are now more divided than before.”
When asked if Facebook was good for Myanmar’s future and whether the platform
has brought people together or contributed to divisions, most people said that Facebook
was good for Myanmar, but some said that it did contribute to divisions. As one Bamar
Buddhist man said, “Facebook helps promote humanitarian concerns, democracy, and
liberalism. It has united people. We see situations getting out of hand because government mishandled the situation. Extremists’ views are corrected on Facebook by individual users.” Another Myanmar Buddhist man said that the different views expressed
on Facebook were beneficial, “I think it is good for the people of Myanmar as we
know so many things through Facebook.” While he had some concerns, another Bamar
Buddhist man predicted that in the long run, Facebook will have beneficial effects,
“Facebook is more helpful if people can use it with good purpose. But, we also see its
bad side. But, I think people are getting to know more and more about Facebook. So,
I don’t worry that much.” As one Bamar Buddhist man put it, while Facebook “has
created divisions between religions and ethnic origins, it has brought together people
in Parahita and Karuna [to do good work].” Another Bamar Buddhist man commented,
Facebook has both united and divided people,
I think people in Myanmar are divided in one case and they unite in another. For instance,
you may see how they divide between Red [NLD] and Green [USDP15]. But then they all