ABOUT C4ADS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS C4ADS (www.c4ads.org) is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization dedicated to datadriven analysis and evidence-based reporting of conflict and security issues worldwide. We seek to alleviate the analytical burden carried by public sector institutions by applying manpower, depth, and rigor to questions of conflict and security. This report was researched and authored by C4ADS analysts. Our approach leverages nontraditional investigative techniques and emerging analytical technologies. We recognize the value of working on the ground, capturing local knowledge, and collecting original data to inform our analysis. At the same time, we employ cutting-edge technology to structure and analyze that data. The result is an innovative analytical approach to conflict prevention and mitigation. We would also like to thank our interns Ji Hae Kim and Lindsay Cejka for their invaluable research support throughout this project. We would also like to thank our translators, without whom this project would not have been possible, as well as the many individuals who generously contributed their time inside and outside Myanmar, but who cannot be named publicly. We would also like to thank our peer reviewers, Emanuel Stoakes and Francis Wade, for providing input and reviews. LEGAL DISCLAIMER The mention of any individual, company, organization, or other entity in this report does not imply the violation of any law or international agreement, and should not be construed as such. Cover Photo © C4ADS