Zero-rated promotions allow subscribers to use data for free, i.e., without counting towards their purchased data plan or top-up balance. Such data is often limited in scope to a few apps or Internet services. Zero-rated promotions introduce people to Internet services, and may thereby stimulate demand for mobile Internet access. The use of free and subsidized data (zero-rated content) in Myanmar was thus explored. Mobile operators in Myanmar offered a number of these services including Facebook free basics. . This research was co-funded by Mozilla (approx. USD 10,000), as a part of its research in Asia, Africa and Latin America on Internet use in the presence of subsidized data. Funds were also received from the Google Policy Fellowship Programme. LIRNEasia covered the personnel and travel costs of its researchers. The questions explored through this research are: • • • • How do people use Facebook free basics and other zero rated content? Do users connect to the Internet beyond zero-rated services or stay within these ‘walled gardens’? How do users change data consumption habits after using zero-rated offerings? Do users continue to use zero-rated offerings over time? 2.3 Web literacy development LIRNEasia aims to investigate scalable models of promoting mobile and web literacy in order to facilitate the use of ICTs. Telecentres were proposed to be set up by the mobile operators was identified as a means of promoting mobile and web literacy. The models that have been used by these Telecentres to promote digital literacy, and the demand for the content is to be analysed to the extent possible. 2.4 Broadband QoSE testing LIRNEasia has been testing Broadband Quality of Service (QoS) as experienced by the end user since 2008. Previous studies confirm that advertised speeds are a far cry away from what is actually received by the user. We have also observed service degradation when connecting to International servers. A misconception in broadband quality measures is that download speed is the only metric that really matters. It is perhaps, what is most easily understood by consumers, however, there are other aspects that are vital for a user’s ‘online’ experience. This research component aimed to measure multiple metrics that affect the quality of broadband services received by the user across all states in Myanmar. As Internet access via the mobile phone is prevalent in Myanmar, it focuses on mobile broadband of the three main mobile network operators.