2 C. International Legal Framework Relevant to Myanmar’s ICT Sector Until very recently, Myanmar had acceded to relatively few international human rights treaties. Table 8: Myanmar’s Accession to International Human Rights Instruments Myanmar has acceded to:  International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR) (signed July 2015)  Convention on the Elimination of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW)  Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD)  Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC) & the Optional Protocol on the Rights of the Child on the Sale of Children, Child Prostitution and Child Pornography  Three of the eight ILO Fundamental Conventions: • Forced Labour Convention (ILO Convention 29) • Freedom of Association and Protection of the Right to Organise • Convention (ILO Convention 87)  Worst Forms of Child Labour Convention, No 182 (entered into force December 2014)  Nineteen of the 177 Technical Conventions of the ILO, including the ILO Hours of Work (Industry) Convention  Convention against Transnational Organised Crime, and its supplementary Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons, Especially Women and Children and Protocol against the Smuggling of Migrants by Land, Sea and Air  UN Convention against Corruption  Geneva Conventions I-IV  Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide  UN Convention for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage Myanmar has not signed:  International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR)  International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination (CERD)  Convention Against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman and Degrading Treatment (CAT)  Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families (ICRMW)  International Convention for the Protection of All Persons from Enforced Disappearance (CED)  Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women (OP-CEDAW)  Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the 68 PAGE CHAPTER 2: ICT GOVERNMENT INSTITUTIONS, POLICIES & LEGAL FRAMEWORK