but, as Rudnitzki demonstrated, these accounts were used to push out false and misleading content. A 2019 case in the US involved a political consultant to Donald Trump who created a parody site designed to look like Joe Biden’s official website as the former vice-president was running to be the Democratic nominee for the 2020 presidential election. With a URL of joebiden.info, the parody site was indexed by Google higher than Biden’s official site joebiden.com when he launched his campaign in April 2019. The consultant said he did not create the site for Trump directly. The opening line on the parody site reads: “Uncle Joe is back and ready to take a hands-on approach to America’s problems!” It is full of images of Joe Biden kissing and hugging young girls and women. At the bottom of the page a statement reads: “This site is political commentary and parody of Joe Biden's Presidential campaign website. This is not Joe Biden's actual website. It is intended for entertainment and political commentary only.” Some of the complexities and tensions around satire and parody played out as part of a public online dispute between the Babylon Bee (whose tagline reads: “Your Trusted Source for Christian News Satire”) and Snopes (an established debunking site). Snopes has ‘factchecked’ the Babylon Bee a few times — on the first occasion fact-checking the story headlined “CNN purchases industrialized sized washing machine to spin news before publication.” The genuine and parody Joe Biden websites are almost indistinguishable at first glance. Retrieved 14 August 2019. Screenshot and text overlay by First Draft. More recently Snopes fact-checked a Babylon Bee story 16 I N F O R M AT I O N D I S O R D E R S AT I R E O R PA R O D Y 17