M anipulated media is when an aspect of genuine content is altered. This relates most often to photos or videos. Here is an example from the lead up to the US presidential election in 2016 when two genuine images were stitched together. The location is Arizona, and the image of the people standing in line to vote came from the primary vote in March 2016. The image of the ICE officer making the arrest is a stock image that, at that time, was the first result on Google Images when searching for ICE arrest. The second image was cropped and layered on top of the first and circulated widely ahead of the election. These two images were overlaid to make it appear that ICE officers were present at a voting location. Archived on October 16 2019.26 Another example of a high-profile piece of manipulated content targeted high school student Emma Gonzalez and three of her peers who survived the school shooting in Parkland, Florida. They were photographed to appear on the front cover of Teen Vogue and the magazine created a video, pushed out on Twitter, of Gonzalez ripping a gun target in half. A genuine image of Parkland survivor Emma Gonzalez before she tears apart a gun target on the cover of Teen Vogue. Archived on September 6 2019.27 46 I N F O R M AT I O N D I S O R D E R M A N I P U L AT E D C O N T E N T 47