Puddington, A. (2000). Broadcasting freedom: The Cold
War triumph of radio free Europe and radio liberty.
Lexington: University of Kentucky.
Reporters Sans Frontières. (2011/2012). Press freedom index 2011–2012. Reporters Sans Frontières.
Retrieved from https://rsf.org/en/world-press-free
dom-index-20112012
Reporters Sans Frontières. (2012, December). Burmese
media spring. Reporters Sans Frontières. Retrieved
from https://rsf.org/en/news/how-long-will-burmese
-media-spring-last
Reuters. (2015, January 31). FACTBOX—Myanmar’s
new political structure. Reuters. Retrieved from
http://in.reuters.com/article/2011/01/31/idINIndia54526820110131?pageNumber=1
Scheufele, D. (1999). Framing as a theory of media effects. Journal of Communication, 49(4), 103–122.
Schneider, C., & Schmitter, P. (2004). Liberalization, transition and consolidation: Measuring the components
of democratization. Democratization, 11(5), 59–90.
Snaing, Y. (2013, December 13). Ministry urges press
council to take action against journal. The Irrawaddy.
Retrieved from http://www.irrawaddy.org/burma/
ministry-urges-press-council-take-action-journal.html
Steinhardt, H. C. (2010). From blind spot to media spotlight: Propaganda policy, media activism and the
emergence of protest events in the Chinese public
sphere. Asian Studies Review, 39(1), 119–137.
Stout, D. (2014, July 11). Burmese journalists sentenced
to a decade in prison with hard labor. Time. Retrieved
from http://time.com/2974972/burma-media-journ
alists-unity-weekly
Tha, K. P. (2014, November 5). US ‘too optimistic’ about
Burma reform: Suu Kyi. The Irrawaddy. Retrieved
from www.irrawaddy.org/burma/us-optimistic-bur
ma-reform-suu-kyi.html
Voltmer, K. (2013). The media in transitional democracies. Cambridge: Polity Press.
Weng, L., & Zaw, H. N. (2013, November 26). Tycoon
sues journal on defamation charges. The Irrawaddy.
Retrieved from www.irrawaddy.org/burma/tycoonsues-journal-defamation-charges.html
Zaw, N. (2014, November 28). Information access on
agenda as media prepare for military meeting. The
Irrawaddy. Retrieved from www.irrawaddy.org/bur
ma/information-access-agenda-media-prepare-milit
ary-meeting.html
About the Author
Tina Burrett is Associate Professor of Political Science at the Faculty of Liberal Arts, Sophia University,
Japan. She holds a PhD in Political and Social Sciences from Cambridge University. Her publications
include Television and Presidential Power in Putin’s Russia, (Routledge, 2013, paperback), “Spin over
Substance? The PR Strategies of Vladimir Putin and Abe Shinzo” in Freedom of the Press in Contemporary Japan, edited by Jeff Kingston (Routledge, 2016), “Abe Road: Comparing Japanese Prime Minister
Shinzo Abe’s Leadership of his First and Second Governments”, in the Parliamentary Affairs (2017) and
Prime Ministerial Leadership in Britain and Japan, (Palgrave Macmillan, 2018, forthcoming).
Politics and Governance, 2017, Volume 5, Issue 2, Pages 41–58
58