2019 GLOBAL INVENTORY OF ORGANISED SOCIAL MEDIA MANIPULATION
Angola
Malta
Argentina
Mexico
Armenia
Moldova
Australia
Myanmar
Austria
Netherlands
Azerbaijan
Nigeria
Bahrain
North Korea
Bosnia & Herzegovina
Pakistan
Brazil
Philippines
Cambodia
Poland
China
Qatar
Colombia
Russia
Croatia
Rwanda
Cuba
Saudi Arabia
Czech Republic
Serbia
Ecuador
South Africa
Egypt
South Korea
Eritrea
Spain
Ethiopia
Sri Lanka
Georgia
Sudan
Germany
Sweden
Greece
Syria
Guatemala
Taiwan
Honduras
Tajikistan
Hungary
Thailand
India
Tunisia
Indonesia
Turkey
Iran
Ukraine
Israel
United Arab Emirates
Italy
United Kingdom
Kazakhstan
United States
Kenya
Uzbekistan
Kyrgyzstan
Venezuela
Macedonia
Vietnam
Malaysia
Zimbabwe
Priv
Conate
trac
tors
Civi
Org l Societ
anis y
atio
ns
Citiz
Influ ens an
enc d
ers
Poli
Par ticians
ties
and
Gov
Age ernmen
ncie t
s
Cou
ntry
Priv
Conate
trac
tors
Civi
Org l Societ
anis y
atio
ns
Citiz
Influ ens an
enc d
ers
Poli
Par ticians
ties
and
Gov
Age ernmen
ncie t
s
Cou
ntry
TABLE 1 - ORGANIZATIONAL FORM AND PREVALENCE OF SOCIAL MEDIA MANIPULATION
Source: Authors’ evaluations based on data collected. Note: This table reports on the types of political actors using social media influence operations, and the number of examples of those
organizations found. For government agencies, political parties, civil society groups, and private contractors, ■ = one organization found, ■ = two organizations found, ■ = three or more
organizations found. Since it is difficult to assess the number of individual citizens using these tools, evidence of citizen use is indicated by ■.
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